Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway condition that may cause wheezing, coughing, breathlessness and chest tightness. Management includes assessing symptom control, identifying triggers and using inhaled medicines when appropriate. Patients may require periodic lung function testing and adjustment of treatment to reduce flare-ups and maintain daily activity.
Allergic rhinitis occurs when the immune system reacts to airborne allergens such as dust mites, pollen or animal dander. Symptoms may include sneezing, nasal congestion and itching. Treatment may involve allergen avoidance measures, nasal corticosteroids, antihistamines or immunotherapy for selected patients.
Food allergy occurs when the immune system reacts to particular food proteins. Symptoms may involve the skin, digestive system or respiratory tract and can occasionally become severe. Evaluation involves a detailed clinical history and appropriate testing. Food avoidance or emergency treatment plans may be recommended when indicated.
Drug allergy assessment investigates suspected immune reactions to medicines. Symptoms may range from skin rashes to severe systemic reactions. Diagnosis relies on careful review of medication exposure, symptom timing and selected investigations. Patients should avoid unassessed re-exposure to medicines associated with serious previous reactions.
Skin prick testing evaluates immediate allergic sensitivity to selected substances by introducing tiny amounts of allergen into the skin. Results are interpreted alongside the patient's symptoms and history. A positive test indicates sensitisation but does not by itself confirm that the allergen causes clinical symptoms.
Allergen immunotherapy involves giving controlled doses of specific allergens over time to modify the immune response. It may benefit selected patients with allergic rhinitis or allergic asthma. Treatment requires an established diagnosis, suitable allergen identification and medical supervision because allergic reactions may occur.
Severe allergic asthma involves persistent symptoms or exacerbations despite appropriate standard treatment. Specialist evaluation considers inhaler technique, adherence, environmental triggers and inflammatory biomarkers. Selected patients may be eligible for additional therapies, including biologic medicines, after careful assessment.
Biologic medications act on specific immune pathways involved in selected allergic and inflammatory diseases. They may be considered when symptoms remain inadequately controlled despite appropriate conventional treatment. Eligibility depends on the diagnosis, disease severity, laboratory findings and relevant clinical guidelines.
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition associated with itching, dry skin and recurrent eczema. Management may involve skin care, moisturisers, topical medication and systemic treatments for selected severe cases. Allergy evaluation may be relevant when the clinical history suggests a specific trigger.
Respiratory allergy assessment evaluates symptoms such as sneezing, cough, wheezing and nasal congestion that may be related to environmental allergens. Clinical assessment and selected tests help distinguish allergic disease from infection or other respiratory conditions. Management focuses on appropriate medication and trigger reduction.