Chronic back pain may develop from spinal joints, discs, muscles or nerves. Evaluation focuses on identifying the source of pain and assessing its impact on daily activities. Management may include medication, physiotherapy, exercise-based rehabilitation or selected interventional procedures when conservative treatment is insufficient.
Neck pain may result from muscle strain, degenerative spinal changes, joint abnormalities or nerve irritation. Persistent symptoms require appropriate clinical assessment. Treatment may include medication, posture modification, physiotherapy and targeted pain procedures in carefully selected patients.
Interventional spine pain management uses selected image-guided or targeted procedures to address pain arising from spinal structures. Treatment may involve injections, nerve blocks or other techniques depending on the suspected pain source. Procedures are considered after clinical evaluation and assessment of potential risks and benefits.
Cancer-related pain can arise from tumours, nerve involvement, bone disease or cancer treatment. Management involves identifying pain mechanisms and selecting appropriate medication, supportive care and interventional techniques. Specialist pain procedures may be considered when severe pain remains inadequately controlled despite conventional treatment.
Nerve blocks involve delivering medication near selected nerves or nerve groups to reduce pain signals. They may help evaluate the source of pain or provide temporary symptom relief. The choice of nerve block depends on diagnosis, anatomical considerations and the expected benefits and risks.
Epidural injections deliver medication into the space surrounding spinal nerves. They may be considered for selected patients experiencing nerve-related back or neck pain. Treatment decisions depend on clinical findings, imaging results and whether previous conservative therapies have provided adequate relief.
Facet joints connect the vertebrae and can contribute to certain forms of chronic neck or back pain. Evaluation involves medical history, examination and sometimes diagnostic nerve blocks. Treatment may include rehabilitation, medication or targeted interventional procedures when appropriate.
Radiofrequency procedures use controlled energy near selected nerves to modify pain transmission. They may be considered for carefully selected chronic pain conditions after appropriate diagnostic assessment. Results vary according to the underlying cause, technique and individual response, and repeat treatment may sometimes be required.
Neuropathic pain results from damage or dysfunction affecting the nervous system and may cause burning, shooting pain, tingling or abnormal sensitivity. Management focuses on treating underlying causes where possible and may involve specialised medicines, rehabilitation or selected interventional approaches.
Chronic musculoskeletal pain affects muscles, joints, tendons or other supporting tissues and may significantly limit mobility and daily functioning. Treatment often combines physical rehabilitation, appropriate medication and management of contributing conditions. Specialist procedures may be considered for selected patients.
Pain following surgery is managed according to the procedure, expected recovery and individual patient needs. Treatment may include medication, regional anaesthesia techniques and rehabilitation. Persistent pain after surgery requires reassessment to identify possible complications or underlying nerve-related causes.