Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that uses a small camera and specialised instruments to examine and treat problems within the knee joint. It may be considered for selected ligament injuries, meniscus tears, cartilage damage or other structural conditions following clinical assessment.
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is performed for selected ACL injuries associated with knee instability. The damaged ligament is replaced using a tendon graft. Surgery may be considered for patients with recurrent instability or specific activity demands after assessing non-surgical treatment options.
Posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction treats selected significant PCL injuries that cause functional instability. The procedure uses a graft to restore ligament support. Treatment decisions consider the severity of injury, associated ligament damage, symptoms and the patient's activity requirements.
The medial and lateral collateral ligaments provide important stability to the knee. Some injuries improve with bracing and rehabilitation, while severe tears or combined ligament injuries may require surgical repair or reconstruction after specialist assessment.
Shoulder arthroscopy allows surgeons to examine and treat selected problems inside the shoulder using a camera and small instruments. It may be used for ligament damage, labral tears, rotator cuff injuries or recurrent instability when surgery is considered appropriate.
Rotator cuff repair is used for selected tears involving the tendons that help stabilise and move the shoulder. Arthroscopic or other surgical techniques may be used to reattach damaged tendons. Rehabilitation is an important component of recovery following surgery.
A Bankart lesion involves injury to the shoulder labrum, commonly following anterior shoulder dislocation. Arthroscopic repair may be recommended for recurrent instability or selected traumatic injuries. The procedure aims to restore labral attachment and improve shoulder stability.
A SLAP lesion affects the upper part of the shoulder labrum near the attachment of the biceps tendon. Depending on symptoms, age and activity level, management may include physiotherapy, arthroscopic repair or other procedures selected after appropriate evaluation.
High tibial osteotomy is a joint preservation procedure that changes the alignment of the upper shinbone to redistribute loading across the knee. It may be considered in selected patients with malalignment and arthritis affecting one compartment of the knee.
Distal femoral osteotomy corrects selected alignment abnormalities near the lower end of the thighbone. The operation can redistribute pressure across the knee joint and may help preserve joint function in appropriately selected patients with deformity or compartment-specific cartilage damage.
Cartilage repair procedures aim to treat selected areas of damaged articular cartilage within a joint. Techniques vary according to the size and location of the defect, patient characteristics and associated injuries. Rehabilitation requirements depend on the procedure performed.
Total shoulder replacement involves replacing damaged joint surfaces with artificial components. It may be recommended for selected patients with severe arthritis or other structural joint damage when symptoms remain significant despite appropriate non-surgical treatment.
Reverse shoulder replacement changes the normal configuration of the shoulder joint components. It may be appropriate for certain patients with severe rotator cuff deficiency, complex fractures or failed previous shoulder procedures, depending on specialist assessment.
Platelet-rich plasma injections use a concentrated preparation of platelets obtained from the patient's own blood. They may be considered in selected musculoskeletal conditions, although evidence of benefit varies by diagnosis and treatment protocol. Suitability requires individual assessment.