Minimally invasive spine surgery uses specialised instruments and smaller incisions to treat selected spinal conditions. Procedures may involve removing damaged disc material, decompressing nerves or stabilising spinal segments. Suitability depends on spinal anatomy, imaging findings and the underlying diagnosis.
Endoscopic spine surgery uses a narrow camera and specialised instruments introduced through a small incision. The technique may be used to treat selected disc herniations and other conditions causing nerve compression. Not every spinal condition is suitable for an endoscopic approach.
Lumbar microdiscectomy removes a portion of herniated disc material that is pressing on a spinal nerve. It may be recommended when persistent sciatica or neurological symptoms are associated with confirmed nerve compression. Recovery and outcomes depend on the patient's condition.
A slipped or herniated disc occurs when disc material protrudes and may irritate nearby nerves. Symptoms can include back pain, sciatica, numbness or weakness. Treatment ranges from medication and physiotherapy to surgery for selected persistent or serious neurological problems.
Spinal decompression surgery aims to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. It may be considered for certain cases of spinal stenosis, disc herniation and other compressive disorders. The procedure is selected according to symptoms, neurological findings and imaging.
Laminectomy involves removing part of the vertebral bone to create more space for spinal nerves. It may be used in selected patients with spinal stenosis or nerve compression. Surgical planning considers spinal stability, symptoms and the extent of narrowing.
Spinal fusion joins two or more vertebrae to stabilise a section of the spine. It may be recommended for certain cases of instability, deformity or degenerative disease. The decision depends on the patient's symptoms, imaging findings and response to other treatment.
Cervical spine surgery treats selected conditions affecting the neck portion of the spine. Procedures may relieve pressure on nerves or the spinal cord and address instability. Surgical approaches depend on the diagnosis, neurological findings and anatomical location.
Spinal deformity surgery may be considered for significant spinal curvature or abnormal alignment that causes progression, functional limitations or neurological problems. Treatment planning requires detailed imaging and assessment. Not all cases of scoliosis require surgical correction.
Spondylolisthesis occurs when one vertebra slips relative to another. It can cause back pain, nerve compression or spinal instability. Management may include physiotherapy, medication, decompression or fusion surgery depending on symptoms and severity.
Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of spaces within the spinal canal that may compress nerves. Symptoms can include pain, weakness, numbness or walking difficulty. Management varies from conservative treatment to decompression surgery for selected patients.
Spinal fractures may occur after trauma or because of weakened bones. Some fractures require stabilisation or decompression to protect neurological structures. Treatment depends on fracture stability, neurological examination, bone quality and associated injuries.