Sports injuries can affect muscles, ligaments, tendons, cartilage and joints during physical activity. Common problems include knee ligament tears, shoulder injuries and joint instability. Treatment depends on injury severity and may involve physiotherapy, rehabilitation, medication or surgical intervention. Accurate diagnosis helps determine the most suitable approach for restoring movement and function.
Diagnostic arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows an orthopaedic surgeon to examine the inside of a joint using a small camera. It can help assess cartilage damage, ligament injuries and other joint abnormalities. Arthroscopy may be considered when examination and imaging indicate a condition that could benefit from further evaluation or treatment.
Knee arthroscopy uses a camera and specialised instruments inserted through small incisions to diagnose and treat selected knee conditions. It may be used for meniscus injuries, ligament-related problems and certain cartilage disorders. Recovery varies according to the procedure performed, and postoperative rehabilitation may be required to restore knee strength and movement.
Shoulder arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine and treat selected conditions affecting the shoulder joint. It may be considered for rotator cuff injuries, shoulder instability and certain cartilage or ligament problems. Treatment planning depends on the underlying diagnosis, severity of symptoms and response to non-surgical management.
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is performed to restore stability in a knee affected by a significant ACL tear. The damaged ligament is usually replaced with a tendon graft. Surgery may be recommended for selected patients with repeated knee instability or high activity demands. Structured rehabilitation is essential for recovery and return to activities.
The meniscus is a cartilage structure that helps absorb shock and stabilise the knee. Meniscus tears may cause pain, swelling, locking or difficulty moving the joint. Arthroscopic repair can be considered for suitable tears depending on their location, pattern and blood supply. Other injuries may be managed through rehabilitation or alternative procedures.
Rotator cuff injuries involve damage to the tendons that support shoulder movement and stability. Symptoms may include shoulder pain, weakness and difficulty lifting the arm. Surgical repair may be considered for selected tears, particularly when symptoms persist or function is significantly affected. Rehabilitation is important for restoring strength and mobility.
Shoulder instability occurs when the structures supporting the shoulder joint cannot maintain normal joint stability. It may develop after dislocation, ligament injury or repetitive sports activity. Treatment can include physiotherapy, strengthening exercises and selected surgical stabilisation procedures. The appropriate approach depends on the patient's age, activity level and recurrence risk.
Pelvic fractures range from relatively stable injuries to severe trauma involving multiple pelvic structures. Management depends on fracture pattern, stability, associated injuries and the patient's overall condition. Treatment may involve protected weight bearing, rehabilitation or surgical fixation. Severe pelvic injuries require urgent hospital assessment because they can be associated with internal bleeding.
Acetabular fractures affect the socket of the hip joint and are often caused by significant trauma. These injuries may disrupt joint alignment and affect hip stability. Surgical fixation may be considered when fractures are displaced or unstable. Treatment aims to restore joint alignment and function while reducing the risk of long-term complications.
Joint reconstruction includes procedures designed to restore stability, alignment or function in damaged joints. It may be considered following significant injuries, deformities or degenerative conditions. Surgical techniques vary according to the affected joint and the severity of damage. Rehabilitation and follow-up are important for recovery and long-term functional improvement.
Total knee replacement involves replacing damaged joint surfaces with artificial components. It may be considered for advanced knee arthritis causing persistent pain, stiffness and reduced mobility despite appropriate non-surgical treatment. The procedure aims to improve joint function and reduce pain. Postoperative physiotherapy is important for regaining movement and strength.
Total hip replacement involves replacing damaged portions of the hip joint with artificial implants. It may be recommended for severe arthritis, certain fractures or other conditions causing significant pain and mobility limitations. Surgery is considered after evaluating the patient's medical condition, joint damage and treatment goals. Rehabilitation supports postoperative recovery.
Orthopaedic trauma surgery addresses fractures and musculoskeletal injuries requiring surgical stabilisation or reconstruction. Treatment may involve plates, screws, rods or external fixation devices depending on the injury. Surgical decisions consider fracture alignment, soft tissue damage, infection risk and overall patient health. Appropriate rehabilitation supports healing and restoration of function.