Joint replacement surgery involves replacing damaged joint surfaces with artificial components to relieve pain and improve mobility. It may be considered for advanced arthritis, severe joint damage or selected injuries when conservative treatment provides insufficient relief. The type of replacement depends on the affected joint and individual clinical findings.
Knee replacement surgery may be recommended for severe knee arthritis or joint damage causing persistent pain and difficulty walking. The procedure replaces damaged joint surfaces with artificial components. Treatment planning involves clinical assessment, imaging and consideration of rehabilitation requirements, general health and other available treatment options.
Hip replacement surgery removes damaged portions of the hip joint and replaces them with artificial implants. It may be considered for advanced arthritis, certain fractures or other conditions causing severe hip pain and restricted movement. Postoperative rehabilitation helps patients gradually regain strength, mobility and functional independence.
Fracture treatment focuses on restoring the alignment and stability of broken bones while supporting healing. Depending on fracture location and severity, treatment may include casts, splints, manipulation or surgical fixation. Follow-up examinations and rehabilitation help monitor bone healing, joint movement and recovery of normal function.
Internal fixation is an orthopaedic procedure that uses plates, screws, rods or other implants to stabilise broken bones. It may be recommended when fractures are displaced, unstable or involve important joint surfaces. The objective is to maintain suitable alignment during healing and support eventual functional recovery.
External fixation stabilises a fracture using pins or wires connected to a supporting frame outside the body. It may be used for selected complex fractures, severe soft-tissue injuries or temporary stabilisation. The technique helps maintain bone alignment while allowing appropriate management of surrounding injured tissues.
Osteotomy is a surgical procedure in which a bone is cut and repositioned to correct alignment or redistribute forces across a joint. It may be considered for selected deformities, fractures or joint disorders. Surgical planning requires detailed assessment of bone structure, mechanical alignment and patient-specific treatment goals.
Arthrodesis is a procedure that permanently joins the bones forming a joint to eliminate painful movement. It may be considered for selected cases of severe joint damage, instability or deformity. Although fusion can improve stability and reduce pain, it also permanently restricts movement at the treated joint.
Arthrotomy is a surgical procedure involving an incision into a joint to permit direct examination or treatment. It may be required for certain joint injuries, infections or other conditions needing open surgical access. The precise technique depends on the affected joint and the clinical purpose of surgery.
A joint dislocation occurs when the bones forming a joint move out of their normal alignment. Treatment may involve prompt reduction, evaluation for associated fractures or ligament damage and temporary immobilisation. Some complex or unstable dislocations require surgery, followed by an appropriate rehabilitation programme.
Sports injuries can affect muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons and joints during physical activity. Management depends on the type and severity of injury and may include activity modification, protective supports, physiotherapy or selected surgical procedures. Rehabilitation aims to restore strength, flexibility and safe participation in sport.
Braces and splints support injured bones and joints, help restrict harmful movement and provide stability during healing. They may be used for sprains, certain fractures, joint instability or postoperative recovery. The appropriate device and duration of use depend on the diagnosis and functional requirements.
Plaster immobilisation involves applying a supportive cast to protect injured bones or joints and maintain appropriate positioning during recovery. It is commonly used for selected fractures and orthopaedic injuries. Follow-up assessment is important to check healing, circulation, swelling and possible cast-related complications.
Musculoskeletal pain may arise from injuries, arthritis, tendon problems, muscle strain or other conditions involving bones and joints. Assessment focuses on identifying the underlying cause. Treatment may include medication, activity modification, therapeutic exercises, rehabilitation or surgical evaluation when clinically indicated.
Sports rehabilitation helps patients recover strength, balance, flexibility and coordinated movement following musculoskeletal injuries. Programmes are adjusted to the specific injury, sporting activity and stage of recovery. Supervised exercises and progressive loading may support a safer return to regular physical activity.
Postoperative orthopaedic rehabilitation supports recovery following fracture fixation, joint replacement or other musculoskeletal surgery. Treatment plans may involve mobility exercises, strengthening, gait training and gradual functional progression. The rehabilitation schedule depends on the operation, healing status, surgical precautions and individual recovery needs.