Robotic knee replacement uses a computer-assisted surgical system to support planning and accurate positioning of knee implants. It may be considered for selected patients with advanced arthritis and significant joint damage. The surgeon remains responsible for the operation, while robotic assistance supports measurements and surgical execution according to individual anatomy.
Total knee replacement involves replacing damaged joint surfaces with artificial components to reduce pain and improve movement. It may be recommended for advanced knee osteoarthritis when medication, exercise and other non-surgical treatments no longer provide adequate relief. Recovery generally includes rehabilitation, strengthening exercises and follow-up appointments.
Computer-navigated joint replacement uses specialised tracking and imaging or anatomical measurements to assist surgical planning and implant alignment. The technology can provide information during selected knee and hip replacement procedures. Its suitability depends on the patient's anatomy, the type of operation and the surgeon's assessment.
Total hip replacement involves replacing damaged parts of the hip joint with artificial components. It may be considered for severe osteoarthritis, selected fractures or other conditions causing persistent pain and reduced mobility. Surgical planning considers bone quality, medical fitness, implant options and postoperative rehabilitation requirements.
Revision knee replacement is performed when an existing knee implant requires partial or complete replacement. Reasons may include loosening, wear, instability, infection or fracture around the implant. Evaluation requires clinical examination, imaging and sometimes laboratory investigations. These procedures can be more complex than primary knee replacement.
Revision hip replacement may be required when a previous hip implant develops problems such as loosening, recurrent dislocation, infection or component wear. Treatment planning involves assessing the implant, bone structure and surrounding tissues. The operation may require specialised implants, bone reconstruction and an individualised rehabilitation plan.
Knee arthroscopy uses a small camera and specialised instruments inserted through small incisions to examine or treat selected knee conditions. It may be used for certain meniscus injuries or other internal joint problems. The decision to perform arthroscopy depends on symptoms, imaging findings and the likely benefit of surgery.
The meniscus is a cartilage structure that helps distribute load within the knee. Tears may cause pain, swelling, catching or difficulty bending the joint. Treatment depends on the tear's location, pattern, symptoms and patient activity. Some tears can be treated conservatively, while suitable injuries may require arthroscopic repair.
ACL reconstruction replaces a torn anterior cruciate ligament using a suitable graft to restore knee stability. It may be considered for patients with persistent instability or particular activity requirements. Treatment decisions consider associated meniscus injuries, rehabilitation goals and the possibility of managing the injury without surgery.
Complex fractures may involve multiple bone fragments, joint surfaces or significant damage to surrounding tissues. Orthopaedic trauma assessment uses examination and imaging to determine injury severity. Treatment may involve realignment, fixation devices or staged procedures, followed by rehabilitation to support healing and functional recovery.
Pelvic and acetabular fractures involve the pelvic ring or the socket of the hip joint. These injuries may occur after high-energy trauma and can be associated with other serious injuries. Management requires careful imaging, assessment of stability and selection of non-operative or surgical treatment according to fracture characteristics.
Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition that can cause pain, stiffness, swelling and reduced mobility. Initial treatment may involve exercise, weight management, physiotherapy and appropriate medication. Joint replacement may be considered when advanced disease causes substantial symptoms despite suitable conservative treatment.
Osteoporosis reduces bone strength and increases the risk of fractures, particularly in older adults. Evaluation considers fracture history, risk factors and bone mineral density testing when appropriate. Management may involve exercise, fall prevention, nutritional assessment and prescribed medicines to reduce future fracture risk.
Shoulder replacement involves replacing damaged parts of the shoulder joint with artificial components. It may be considered for severe arthritis, complex fractures or selected conditions involving the rotator cuff. The type of implant and operation depends on joint anatomy, muscle function and individual treatment goals.
The rotator cuff consists of tendons that stabilise the shoulder and help control movement. Tears can cause shoulder pain, weakness and restricted function. Treatment depends on the tear, symptoms and patient needs. Physiotherapy and medication may help some patients, while suitable injuries may require surgical repair.
Hip resurfacing is a bone-preserving joint replacement procedure in which the damaged femoral head is reshaped and covered with a prosthetic surface. It is appropriate only for carefully selected patients because implant-related risks and anatomical considerations are important. Alternatives include conventional total hip replacement and non-operative management.