Total knee replacement is a surgical procedure that replaces damaged knee joint surfaces with artificial components. It may be considered for patients with advanced arthritis, persistent pain, stiffness and substantial mobility limitations despite appropriate conservative treatment. Surgical planning includes evaluating knee alignment, bone condition, ligament stability and postoperative rehabilitation needs.
Robotic-assisted knee replacement uses computer-guided technology to support surgical planning and implant positioning. The surgeon remains responsible for performing the procedure and making clinical decisions. This approach may be appropriate for selected patients requiring knee replacement. Suitability depends on the patient's anatomy, joint damage, medical condition and available surgical technology.
Unicompartmental knee replacement, also called partial knee replacement, treats selected cases where arthritis predominantly affects one compartment of the knee. The damaged section is replaced while suitable healthy joint structures are preserved. Eligibility depends on the pattern of arthritis, ligament stability, knee alignment and individual functional requirements.
Revision knee replacement is performed when a previous knee implant develops problems such as loosening, wear, instability, infection or other complications. The procedure may involve replacing one or more implant components and reconstructing damaged bone. Surgical planning requires detailed evaluation of the existing implant, infection risk and surrounding tissues.
Total hip replacement involves replacing damaged parts of the hip joint with artificial components. It may be recommended for advanced arthritis, certain fractures or other conditions causing persistent pain and impaired mobility. Evaluation includes clinical examination and imaging, with surgical planning tailored to bone quality, hip anatomy and rehabilitation requirements.
Revision hip replacement may be considered when a previous hip implant develops complications such as loosening, instability, infection or significant wear. Evaluation generally involves examination, imaging and tests for infection when appropriate. Treatment planning considers the existing implant, bone loss, soft-tissue condition and overall surgical risk.
Primary joint replacement involves replacing severely damaged joint surfaces with prosthetic components when non-surgical treatment is insufficient. It is commonly considered for selected patients with advanced degenerative joint disease. The choice of procedure depends on the affected joint, severity of damage, medical history and functional expectations.
Revision joint replacement addresses complications affecting an earlier joint replacement. Reasons may include implant wear, loosening, infection, instability or fractures around the prosthesis. These procedures can be more complex than primary replacement because of altered anatomy or bone loss. Treatment requires careful assessment and individual surgical planning.
Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique that uses a small camera and specialised instruments to examine or treat selected conditions inside the knee. It may be considered for certain meniscal injuries, loose fragments or mechanical problems. Management depends on symptoms, imaging findings and the expected benefit of surgery.
Shoulder arthroscopy uses small incisions and a camera to assess or treat selected shoulder joint problems. It may be considered for certain ligament, tendon or cartilage injuries, including appropriately selected rotator cuff conditions. The choice of treatment depends on clinical examination, imaging findings, shoulder stability and individual rehabilitation needs.
ACL reconstruction is a procedure used to restore stability to selected knees affected by a torn anterior cruciate ligament. A suitable graft replaces the damaged ligament. Surgery may be considered when significant instability persists or the patient's activity requirements favour reconstruction. Rehabilitation is an essential part of postoperative recovery.
The meniscus helps distribute weight and stabilise the knee. Meniscal injuries can cause pain, swelling and mechanical symptoms. Treatment depends on the tear pattern, location, symptoms and associated knee injuries. Arthroscopic repair may be appropriate for selected tears, while other injuries can be managed through rehabilitation and non-surgical care.
Rotator cuff injuries affect tendons that help move and stabilise the shoulder. Symptoms may include pain, weakness and difficulty lifting the arm. Clinical evaluation and imaging help identify the type and severity of injury. Treatment may involve physiotherapy, medication or surgical repair in selected patients.
Sports injuries may involve ligaments, tendons, muscles, cartilage and joint structures. Assessment considers the mechanism of injury, joint stability, imaging findings and activity requirements. Management may include physiotherapy, structured rehabilitation, supportive devices or surgery for selected structural injuries that significantly affect function.
Pelvic and acetabular fractures affect the pelvic bones or the socket of the hip joint. Severe injuries may involve bleeding, joint instability and damage to surrounding structures. Assessment requires appropriate imaging and specialist evaluation. Management ranges from protected mobility to complex surgical fixation, depending on the fracture and associated injuries.
Complex orthopaedic trauma involves serious fractures or injuries affecting multiple bones, joints and soft tissues. Treatment may require fracture stabilisation, reconstructive surgery and coordinated rehabilitation. The approach depends on injury severity, tissue viability, fracture alignment and the patient's clinical condition, with urgent treatment required in selected emergencies.