Total knee replacement involves replacing damaged joint surfaces with artificial components to reduce pain and improve mobility. It may be considered for advanced knee arthritis or severe joint damage when non-surgical treatments no longer provide adequate relief. Assessment includes symptoms, imaging, general health and functional limitations.
Total hip replacement replaces damaged parts of the hip joint with artificial components. It may be recommended for advanced arthritis, substantial joint damage or persistent hip pain that limits daily activities. The decision depends on the patient's symptoms, examination, imaging results and overall suitability for surgery.
Revision joint replacement involves repairing or replacing a previously implanted joint prosthesis when problems such as loosening, wear, infection or instability occur. It is generally more complex than primary replacement and requires careful evaluation of the existing implant, surrounding bone and soft tissues.
Fracture management focuses on diagnosing and treating broken bones caused by accidents, falls, sports injuries or weakened bone. Depending on the fracture, treatment may involve immobilisation, casting, bracing or surgery. The main goals are to restore alignment, support bone healing and preserve function.
Orthopaedic trauma surgery addresses serious injuries involving bones, joints and surrounding tissues. Depending on the injury, treatment may include fracture fixation, reconstruction or stabilisation using plates, screws, rods or external fixation devices. Management is tailored to injury severity, bone condition and associated soft-tissue damage.
Paediatric orthopaedics deals with musculoskeletal conditions in infants, children and adolescents. These may include fractures, growth-related abnormalities and congenital deformities. Treatment is planned according to the child's age, stage of development, condition severity and potential effect on future growth and mobility.
Congenital deformities are structural differences present from birth that may affect the limbs, joints or overall movement. Evaluation considers the nature of the deformity, its effect on function and the patient's stage of growth. Management may include observation, supportive devices, rehabilitation or corrective surgery when appropriate.
Hand surgery addresses selected conditions affecting the bones, joints, tendons and other structures of the hand. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may involve fracture repair, correction of structural problems or management of injuries affecting hand function. The aim is to preserve movement, strength and everyday use.
Foot and ankle surgery may be considered for selected injuries, deformities, joint disorders and structural problems that cause pain or limit walking. Treatment depends on the affected structures, severity and response to conservative care. Options may include reconstruction, fracture fixation or procedures to improve joint stability and function.
External fixation uses pins or wires connected to a frame outside the body to stabilise a bone. It may be used for selected complex fractures, severe soft-tissue injuries, deformity correction or limb lengthening. The technique allows bone alignment and stability to be maintained during healing.
Limb lengthening is a specialised procedure used to address certain differences in limb length or selected bone deformities. It involves carefully controlled bone separation and gradual new bone formation using an appropriate fixation system. Treatment requires specialist planning, regular monitoring and rehabilitation over time.
Limb deformity correction aims to improve bone alignment when structural abnormalities affect movement, comfort or joint function. Depending on the deformity and its severity, treatment may involve observation, supportive devices or corrective osteotomy with internal or external fixation. Individual planning is essential for safe correction.
Arthritis management addresses joint pain, stiffness and reduced mobility caused by inflammation or degeneration. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may include activity modification, physiotherapy, medication and other non-surgical measures. Joint replacement or other surgical options may be considered when significant joint damage causes persistent functional limitations.
Joint preservation focuses on maintaining the natural joint and delaying replacement where clinically appropriate. It may involve managing alignment problems, selected cartilage or bone conditions, and joint instability. The suitable approach depends on the patient's age, activity level, joint condition and the underlying cause of symptoms.
Bone infections can cause persistent pain, swelling and damage to bone tissue. Management may require investigations to identify the infection, appropriate antimicrobial treatment and, in selected cases, surgery to remove infected tissue or stabilise the affected bone. Care depends on infection severity, bone condition and overall health.