Oral cancer surgery treats selected malignant tumours affecting the tongue, gums, cheek lining and other structures within the mouth. The operation aims to remove cancerous tissue with appropriate margins. Reconstruction and additional treatment depend on disease stage and functional requirements.
Oropharyngeal cancer affects structures such as the tonsils and base of the tongue. Surgery may be considered depending on tumour location, stage and patient factors. Treatment planning often involves radiation and medical oncology specialists.
Laryngeal cancer surgery treats selected tumours affecting the voice box. Procedures may involve removing part or all of the affected structure depending on disease extent. Preservation of breathing, swallowing and voice function is considered during treatment planning.
Hypopharyngeal cancers develop in the lower throat near the entrance to the oesophagus. Surgical treatment is considered in selected cases based on tumour location and disease stage. Multidisciplinary care is important because treatment can affect swallowing and voice.
Thyroid cancer surgery may involve removing part or all of the thyroid gland and selected lymph nodes when indicated. Treatment depends on cancer type, tumour size and extent of disease. Patients may require hormone replacement or additional specialist treatment.
Parathyroid surgery is performed for selected conditions involving abnormal parathyroid glands, including certain tumours or excess hormone production. The operation aims to remove the affected gland tissue while preserving normal structures. Specialist assessment and biochemical testing guide treatment.
Salivary gland surgery treats selected benign and malignant tumours affecting the parotid, submandibular or other salivary glands. Surgical planning considers tumour location, nearby nerves and the need for cancer clearance. Some patients require additional postoperative treatment.
Skull base cancer surgery addresses selected tumours near the complex structures separating the brain from the face and neck. Treatment may involve open or endoscopic approaches and often requires collaboration between different surgical specialties. Planning depends on tumour extent and nearby critical anatomy.
Sinonasal cancer affects the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. Surgery may be recommended for selected tumours to remove diseased tissue while protecting nearby structures. Endoscopic or conventional approaches are chosen according to cancer location and extent.
Revision surgery may be considered when cancer recurs or requires further surgical treatment after an earlier operation. These procedures can be complex because previous treatment may alter anatomy and tissue healing. Detailed imaging and multidisciplinary evaluation are essential.
Robotic surgery uses surgeon-controlled instruments to access selected head and neck tumours through minimally invasive approaches. It may be suitable for particular anatomical locations and stages of cancer. The decision depends on oncological safety and procedural feasibility.
Voice-preserving surgery aims to treat selected cancers while retaining as much laryngeal function as medically possible. Suitability depends on tumour location, stage and the condition of surrounding structures. Speech and swallowing rehabilitation may be required after treatment.