Nephrology consultation focuses on diagnosing and managing disorders affecting kidney function. Assessment may include blood tests, urine investigations, imaging and review of medical history. Treatment depends on the cause and severity of kidney disease.
Kidney transplant evaluation assesses whether transplantation may be suitable for a patient with advanced kidney failure. The process includes reviewing medical fitness, infections, cardiovascular health and donor compatibility. Decisions involve a multidisciplinary transplant team.
Renal transplantation involves placing a healthy donor kidney into a patient with kidney failure. The procedure requires careful donor and recipient evaluation, surgery and lifelong post-transplant medical management. Outcomes depend on several clinical and immunological factors.
Post-transplant care includes monitoring kidney function, immunosuppressive medication, infection risk and possible rejection. Regular blood testing and specialist follow-up help identify complications. Treatment plans are adjusted according to transplant function and individual medical circumstances.
Haemodialysis is a treatment that removes waste products and excess fluid from the blood when kidney function is insufficient. Nephrology care includes assessing dialysis adequacy, fluid balance, vascular access and associated medical conditions.
Dialysis quality assessment evaluates whether treatment is meeting the patient's medical requirements. It may involve reviewing dialysis adequacy, blood pressure, fluid balance, laboratory findings and vascular access function. Regular assessment helps guide adjustments to dialysis care.
Glomerulonephritis refers to inflammation affecting the kidney's filtering structures. It may cause blood or protein in urine, swelling and impaired kidney function. Management depends on the underlying disease and may include medication, monitoring and kidney biopsy when indicated.
Chronic kidney disease involves persistent abnormalities in kidney structure or function. Management focuses on treating underlying causes, reducing progression risk and monitoring complications. Care may include medication, dietary advice and preparation for kidney replacement therapy when necessary.
Acute kidney injury involves a sudden decline in kidney function caused by conditions such as dehydration, infection, medications or reduced blood flow. Prompt assessment identifies the underlying problem and guides treatment. Severe cases may require hospital monitoring or dialysis.
Proteinuria occurs when excess protein is present in urine and may indicate kidney disease. Assessment includes urine testing, kidney function studies and evaluation of underlying conditions such as diabetes or inflammatory disease. Treatment depends on the identified cause.
Diabetic kidney disease develops when diabetes damages the kidneys over time. Management includes controlling blood glucose and blood pressure, monitoring urine protein and kidney function, and using appropriate medications. Early treatment can help slow progression.
High blood pressure can cause progressive kidney damage, while kidney disease can also worsen blood pressure control. Management involves treating hypertension, monitoring kidney function and addressing cardiovascular risk. The treatment plan depends on disease severity and associated medical conditions.
End-stage kidney disease occurs when kidney function declines to a level where dialysis or transplantation may be required. Care includes managing symptoms, evaluating replacement therapy options and supporting informed treatment decisions. Plans are individualised to the patient's health and circumstances.
Combined liver-kidney transplantation may be considered for selected patients with severe disease affecting both organs. Evaluation involves transplant hepatology, nephrology and surgical teams. The decision depends on organ function, medical eligibility and applicable transplant criteria.