Geriatric Medicine focuses on diagnosing and managing medical conditions in older adults. Consultation considers existing diseases, medications, mobility, nutrition and daily functioning. The approach aims to coordinate treatment and support health, independence and safety according to each patient's individual needs.
Comprehensive geriatric assessment is a structured evaluation of an older patient's medical, functional and social care needs. It may include reviewing physical health, cognition, mobility, medication and nutritional concerns. Findings help guide an individualised plan that addresses multiple interacting health problems.
Diabetes management in older adults requires careful consideration of blood glucose levels, kidney function, existing medical conditions and the risk of hypoglycaemia. Treatment plans may include medication review, appropriate nutrition and monitoring. Glucose targets should be personalised according to overall health and functional status.
Hypertension is common in older adults and can increase the risk of stroke, heart disease and kidney problems. Assessment includes accurate blood pressure measurement, review of symptoms and evaluation of medical risks. Treatment should consider medication tolerance, other conditions and the possibility of dizziness or falls.
Chronic disease management involves regular assessment of long-term medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and other adult illnesses. Care includes monitoring treatment effectiveness, reviewing laboratory results and identifying complications. When multiple conditions are present, coordinated management helps reduce unnecessary or conflicting treatments.
Preventive healthcare for older adults focuses on appropriate screening, risk reduction and maintenance of functional health. Consultations may include reviewing vaccination needs, blood pressure, diabetes risk and other relevant health factors. Recommendations depend on age, existing conditions, life expectancy and individual preferences.
Healthy ageing consultation addresses medical and lifestyle factors that influence health during later life. Assessment may include reviewing activity levels, nutrition, sleep, existing illnesses and functional concerns. Management emphasises practical measures that support independence while avoiding unnecessary treatments and investigations.
Acute diarrhoea can result from infection, medication effects or other medical conditions. Older adults may be more vulnerable to dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities. Evaluation considers symptoms, fluid intake, existing health problems and warning signs. Treatment depends on the cause and severity.
Arthritis and joint pain can limit mobility and affect daily activities in older adults. Medical evaluation considers symptoms, physical findings and relevant investigations. Treatment may involve medication, exercise-based rehabilitation and appropriate specialist referral. The approach should consider treatment risks and other chronic conditions.
Chronic pain may arise from musculoskeletal disorders, nerve conditions or other ongoing illnesses. Assessment includes identifying pain characteristics, effects on function and previous treatments. Management may involve safe medication use, physiotherapy and multidisciplinary care, with particular attention to adverse effects in older patients.
Fever in older adults may be associated with infection, inflammation or other medical conditions. Some serious illnesses may occur without a marked temperature rise. Evaluation considers symptoms, examination findings, medical history and relevant tests. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and illness severity.
Polypharmacy refers to the use of multiple medicines and can increase the risk of interactions, adverse effects and medication errors. Review involves checking current prescriptions, non-prescription products and treatment goals. Any adjustment should be made by an appropriate clinician after considering the patient's health needs.
Frailty and falls can affect independence and increase injury risk in older adults. Assessment may consider muscle strength, balance, mobility, medicines and environmental factors. Management can include rehabilitation, medication review and practical fall-prevention strategies chosen according to individual circumstances.
Multimorbidity occurs when a patient has two or more ongoing medical conditions. Treatment can become complicated when different diseases require multiple medications or specialist appointments. Comprehensive assessment helps prioritise important health goals and coordinate treatment while considering the patient's overall functioning.
Functional health assessment examines how medical conditions affect everyday activities such as walking, dressing and managing personal care. Evaluation may identify weakness, mobility problems or other concerns requiring support. Treatment planning can involve rehabilitation and coordination with caregivers or other healthcare professionals.
Internal Medicine consultation involves assessing symptoms and managing conditions affecting adults, including patients with more than one chronic disease. Evaluation includes reviewing medical history, examination findings, current medication and relevant investigations. Treatment may involve medication, monitoring or referral for specialist care.