Laparoscopic hernia repair uses a camera and specialised instruments introduced through small incisions to repair a weakness in the abdominal wall. Mesh reinforcement may be used when appropriate. The surgical approach depends on the hernia's location, size and previous treatment history.
Transabdominal preperitoneal repair is a minimally invasive procedure for selected groin hernias. The surgeon enters the abdominal cavity and repairs the weakened area using mesh. Suitability depends on the type of hernia and the patient's medical condition.
Ventral hernias develop through weaknesses in the abdominal wall and may cause a noticeable bulge or discomfort. Surgical repair aims to restore the abdominal wall. Different approaches may be considered depending on defect size and complexity.
Incisional hernias occur at sites of previous abdominal surgery. Treatment may involve open or minimally invasive repair with mesh reinforcement. Surgical planning considers previous operations, hernia size, symptoms and the patient's general health.
Transversus abdominis release is an advanced technique for reconstructing complex abdominal wall defects. It enables additional tissue mobilisation to support repair and mesh placement. This procedure is generally considered for selected large or recurrent hernias.
An anal fistula is an abnormal tract connecting the anal canal with the surrounding skin. Surgical treatment depends on the fistula's complexity and relationship to the sphincter muscles. The aim is to treat the tract while protecting continence.
Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract is a sphincter-preserving surgical procedure used for selected anal fistulas. The technique aims to close the fistula tract while minimising damage to the muscles involved in bowel control.
Laser-assisted fistula treatment uses laser energy within a fistula tract in selected cases. It is one possible approach to managing anal fistulas. Its suitability and potential benefits depend on fistula anatomy, disease complexity and previous treatment.
Complex hernias may involve large defects, recurrence after previous surgery or significant abdominal wall weakness. Treatment requires careful assessment and may include advanced reconstruction techniques. Surgical decisions are guided by the patient's anatomy and health risks.
A general surgical consultation involves assessing symptoms, examination findings and diagnostic reports to determine whether operative treatment is required. The surgeon discusses available options, possible risks and expected recovery. Some conditions can be managed without surgery.