Vertigo is a sensation of spinning or movement that may result from disorders affecting the inner ear or balance system. Evaluation can include medical history, positional testing and vestibular investigations. Treatment depends on the cause and may involve repositioning manoeuvres, medication or rehabilitation.
Tinnitus refers to hearing ringing, buzzing or other sounds without an external source. Assessment may involve ear examination, hearing tests and review of associated symptoms. Management depends on the underlying cause and may include hearing rehabilitation, sound therapy or supportive counselling.
Hearing loss may develop due to disorders affecting the outer, middle or inner ear. Evaluation typically includes ear examination and appropriate hearing tests. Treatment may involve medical care, hearing aids, surgery or specialist hearing rehabilitation depending on the cause.
Paediatric ENT care focuses on ear, nose and throat disorders in infants and children. Common concerns include recurrent ear infections, hearing problems, enlarged tonsils, nasal obstruction and breathing difficulties. Evaluation and treatment are adapted to the child's age and medical needs.
Allergic rhinitis occurs when allergens trigger inflammation inside the nose. Symptoms include sneezing, congestion, itching and a runny nose. Management may involve allergen avoidance, nasal medications, antihistamines and further allergy evaluation when clinically indicated.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a common inner ear disorder causing brief episodes of dizziness triggered by head movements. Diagnosis involves positional testing. Treatment often uses canalith repositioning manoeuvres to move displaced inner ear particles into an appropriate location.
Vestibular disorders affect the balance system and may cause dizziness, imbalance or movement-related symptoms. Assessment includes medical history, balance examination and selected vestibular tests. Management depends on the diagnosis and may include vestibular rehabilitation or other targeted treatments.
Voice disorders may cause hoarseness, vocal fatigue, changes in pitch or difficulty speaking. Possible causes include inflammation, vocal cord lesions and neurological conditions. Specialist evaluation may involve visual examination of the vocal cords and assessment of voice function.
Phonosurgery involves procedures intended to improve voice production by treating selected abnormalities of the vocal folds or related structures. Surgery may be considered for particular benign lesions or structural problems. Treatment planning depends on voice assessment and laryngeal examination.
Ear infections may affect the outer or middle ear and can cause pain, discharge, fever or temporary hearing changes. Treatment depends on the site and cause of infection. Some patients require medication, ear cleaning or further evaluation for persistent symptoms.
Otology is a subspeciality of ENT focused on disorders affecting the ear and hearing system. It includes evaluation of ear infections, hearing loss, eardrum abnormalities and related conditions. Treatment may involve medical management, diagnostic investigations or surgery.
Neurotology focuses on disorders of the inner ear, hearing and balance pathways. Patients may experience vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus or persistent imbalance. Assessment can involve audiological testing, vestibular studies and imaging when medically appropriate.
Cochlear implant evaluation assesses whether a patient with severe hearing loss may benefit from an implanted hearing device. Assessment typically includes hearing tests, medical examination and imaging when appropriate. Suitability depends on the type of hearing loss and expected rehabilitation needs.
Sinusitis involves inflammation of the tissue lining the sinuses and may cause nasal blockage, facial pressure and discharge. Treatment depends on symptom duration and underlying causes. Persistent or complicated cases may require imaging or specialist ENT evaluation.