ENT consultation focuses on identifying and managing conditions affecting the ears, nose, throat, sinuses and related head and neck structures. Evaluation includes reviewing symptoms, medical history and clinical examination. Depending on the condition, hearing tests, nasal endoscopy, imaging or other investigations may be recommended to determine the most appropriate treatment.
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat selected sinus conditions that do not respond adequately to medical treatment. A small camera and specialised instruments allow the surgeon to access the nasal passages and sinus openings. Surgical suitability depends on symptoms, nasal examination, imaging findings and the underlying disease.
Chronic sinusitis involves persistent inflammation of the sinuses and may cause nasal blockage, facial pressure, reduced smell and nasal discharge. Assessment may include nasal endoscopy and imaging when appropriate. Treatment can involve saline irrigation, nasal medications and management of contributing conditions, with surgery considered in selected persistent cases.
Nasal polyps are non-cancerous inflammatory growths that develop within the nose or sinuses. They may cause blocked breathing, reduced smell and recurrent sinus symptoms. Evaluation involves nasal examination and sometimes imaging. Management may include medication or endoscopic surgery, depending on the size, symptoms and associated inflammation.
Septoplasty is an operation to correct selected deviations of the nasal septum, the structure separating the two nasal passages. It may be considered when a deviated septum contributes to persistent nasal obstruction or related problems. Surgical planning includes assessing nasal anatomy and other causes of breathing difficulty.
Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory condition triggered by allergens such as dust mites, pollen or animal dander. Symptoms may include sneezing, itching, watery nasal discharge and congestion. Management involves identifying triggers, appropriate nasal medications and allergy-directed treatment when indicated. Further investigation may be needed for persistent symptoms.
Persistent snoring may occur due to nasal obstruction, changes in upper airway anatomy or obstructive sleep apnoea. Evaluation considers sleep symptoms, daytime tiredness and relevant medical conditions. Some patients require sleep studies or specialist assessment. Treatment depends on the cause and may involve non-surgical measures or selected procedures.
Vertigo is a sensation of spinning or movement that may arise from disorders affecting the inner ear or other parts of the balance system. Evaluation includes a detailed symptom history and appropriate examination. Treatment depends on the diagnosis and may involve repositioning manoeuvres, vestibular rehabilitation, medication or further specialist investigation.
Hearing loss may result from problems affecting the ear canal, eardrum, middle ear, inner ear or auditory pathways. ENT assessment can include ear examination and audiological testing. Management depends on the type and severity of hearing impairment and may involve medication, hearing devices or surgery for selected conditions.
Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure used to repair certain perforations of the eardrum and, in selected cases, associated middle ear structures. It may be considered for persistent perforation, recurrent infections or hearing problems. The surgical approach depends on ear examination, hearing assessment and the condition of the middle ear.
Mastoidectomy involves removing diseased tissue from the mastoid air cells behind the ear. It may be necessary for selected chronic ear infections, cholesteatoma or associated complications. Surgical planning considers examination findings, hearing status and imaging when indicated. The operation aims to address disease while protecting nearby structures.
Microlaryngeal surgery uses specialised magnification and instruments to examine or treat selected lesions involving the larynx and vocal cords. It may be considered for certain polyps, nodules or other abnormalities affecting voice production. Suitability depends on the diagnosis, findings from laryngeal examination and previous treatment.
Voice disorders may cause hoarseness, vocal fatigue, breathiness or changes in voice quality. Possible causes include inflammation, vocal strain, vocal cord lesions and neurological conditions. Evaluation may involve laryngoscopy and other investigations. Management may include voice therapy, medication or surgical assessment, depending on the underlying problem.
Recurrent tonsillitis and enlarged adenoids can cause throat discomfort, nasal obstruction, snoring or sleep-related breathing difficulties. Evaluation considers infection frequency, symptom severity and effects on breathing or swallowing. Treatment may involve observation, medication or surgery in selected cases where the expected benefits outweigh the risks.
Paediatric ENT care focuses on conditions affecting children's ears, noses and throats. Common concerns include recurrent ear infections, hearing difficulties, enlarged adenoids and nasal obstruction. Assessment considers the child's age, development and symptoms. Treatment may include medical management, monitoring, hearing assessment or appropriate surgical intervention.
Lumps in the neck may arise from enlarged lymph nodes, cysts, thyroid-related conditions, salivary gland problems or other causes. Evaluation includes clinical examination and selected imaging or biopsy when indicated. Some conditions require observation or medical treatment, while others need surgery following specialist assessment and discussion of risks.